Ⅰ.Cutting Principle
1. Laser cutting machine processing
Fiber laser cutter uses a focused high-power density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece, causing the irradiated material to quickly melt, vaporize, ablate or reach the ignition point. At the same time, the molten material is blown away by the high-speed airflow coaxial with the beam, thereby cutting the workpiece. open. Nowadays, CO2 pulse laser is generally used, and laser cutting is one of the thermal cutting methods.
2. Water cutting machine processing
Water cutting, also known as water jet, is a high-pressure water jet cutting technology. It is a machine that uses high-pressure water flow to cut. Under computer control, the workpiece can be carved arbitrarily, and is less affected by the texture of the material. Water cutting is divided into two methods: sand-free cutting and sand-added cutting.
3. Plasma cutting machine processing
Plasma arc cutting is a processing method that uses the heat of a high-temperature plasma arc to locally melt (and evaporate) the metal at the incision of the workpiece, and uses the momentum of high-speed plasma to remove the molten metal to form the incision.
4. Wire cutting machine processing
Wire cutting can be divided into fast wire cutting, medium wire cutting, and slow wire cutting. The wire walking speed of fast wire EDM is 6~12m/s, and the electrode wire moves back and forth at high speed, resulting in poor cutting accuracy. Medium wire EDM is a new technology developed in recent years that realizes frequency conversion multiple cutting functions on the basis of fast wire EDM. The wire walking speed of slow wire EDM is 0. 2m/s. The electrode wire moves in one direction at a low speed, and the cutting accuracy is very high.
Ⅱ.Application Scope Comparison
1. Laser cutting machine has a wide range of applications
Both metal and non-metal can be cut. CO2 laser cutting machine can be used to cut non-metal, such as cloth, leather, etc., and fiber laser cutting machine can be used to cut metal. The plate has little deformation.
2. Water cutting can process any material
Water cutting is a cold cutting process with no thermal deformation, good cutting surface quality, and no need for secondary processing. It is easy to perform secondary processing if necessary. Water cutting can punch and cut any material. The cutting speed is fast and the processing size is flexible.
3. Application of plasma cutting machine and metal materials
Plasma cutting machines can be used to cut various metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, cast iron, and carbon steel. Plasma cutting has obvious thermal effects, low precision, and the cutting surface is not easy to undergo secondary processing.
4. Wire cutting machine is used for conductive materials
Wire cutting can only cut conductive materials, and cutting coolant is required during the cutting process. Therefore, it cannot cut materials that are not conductive, are afraid of water, and are afraid of being contaminated by cutting coolant, such as paper and leather.
Ⅲ.Cutting Thickness Comparison
1. Cutting thickness of laser cutting machine
The industrial application of laser cutting carbon steel is generally less than 20mm, and the cutting capacity is generally less than 40mm. Stainless steel industrial applications are generally below 16mm, and cutting capabilities are generally below 25mm. Moreover, as the thickness of the workpiece increases, the cutting speed decreases significantly.
2. Cutting thickness of water jet cutting machine
The thickness of water cutting can be very thick, 0. 8-100mm, or even thicker materials.
3. Cutting thickness of plasma cutting machine
Plasma cutting thickness is 0-120mm, and the best cutting quality range is around 20mm. The plasma system has the highest cost performance.
4. Cutting thickness of wire cutting machine
The thickness of wire cutting is generally 40~60mm, and the maximum thickness can be up to 600mm.
Ⅳ.Cutting Speed Comparison
1.Laser cutting speed is fast,suits for mass production
The cutting efficiency that wire EDM can achieve is generally 20~60 square millimeters/minute, up to 300 square millimeters/minute. obviously, laser cutting speed is fast and can be used for mass production.
2.Water cutting speed is quite slow
The speed of water cutting is quite slow and is not suitable for mass production.
3.Plasma cutting speed is slow,suits for thick plates
The cutting speed of plasma cutting is slow and the relative accuracy is low. It is more suitable for cutting thick plates, but the end face has a slope.
4.Wire cutting speed is slow, suits for metal
For metal processing, wire cutting has higher precision, but the speed is very slow. Sometimes it is necessary to use other methods to pierce and thread wires before cutting, and the cutting size is greatly limited.
Ⅴ.Cutting Accuracy Comparison
1.The laser cutting incision is narrow, both sides of the incision are parallel and perpendicular to the surface, and the dimensional accuracy of the cut parts can reach ±0. 2mm.
2.Plasma can reach within 1mm.
3.Water cutting will not produce thermal deformation, and the accuracy is ±0. 1mm. If a dynamic water cutting machine is used, the cutting accuracy can be improved, and the cutting accuracy can reach ±0. 02mm, eliminating the cutting slope.
4.The accuracy of wire cutting processing is generally ±0. 01~±0. 02mm, and the maximum can be ±0. 004mm.
Ⅵ.Slit Width Comparison
1.Fiber laser cutter is more precise and the slit is smaller, about 0. 5mm.
2.Plasma cutting slits are larger than laser cutting, about 1-2mm.
3.The kerf of water cutting is about 10% larger than the diameter of the knife tube, generally 0. 8-1. 2 mm. As the diameter of the sand knife tube expands, the kerf becomes larger.
4.The slit width of wire cutting is the smallest, generally around 0. 1-0. 2mm.
Ⅶ.Cutting Surface Quality Comparison
The surface roughness of laser cutting is not as good as water cutting, and the thicker the material, the more obvious it is. Water cutting will not change the texture of the material around the cutting seam (laser is a thermal cutting and will change the texture around the cutting area).
